Momwe Mungamakhalire Olingalira Nthawi Zonse

Kaya ndinu wokonda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena akatswiri, kukhala ndi chidwi ndi zithunzi zanu ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri kujambula. Pali zambiri zoti mudziwe pazithunzi zakuthwa ngakhale, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zosokoneza kudziwa zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana (pun akufuna… ha ha) ngati zithunzi zanu sizikuwoneka zowala kapena zowoneka bwino. Tsambali likuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino momwe kuwunikirako kumagwirira ntchito ndi zomwe mungachite kuti muwongolere zithunzi zanu.

Choyamba, zofunikira.

Autofocus vs. kutsogolera.

Ma DSLR amakono onse amatha Autofocus. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amangosankha pamfundo kapena malo osankhidwa ndi inu kapena kamera. Machitidwe a autofocus mu DSLRs akupita patsogolo kwambiri ndipo ndi olondola. Makamera ambiri amakhala ndi ma mota oyang'ana pa autofocus opangidwa mu kamera. Komabe, ena satero, ndipo amafuna kuti mandala akhale ndi mota woyang'ana kuti athe autofocus. Onetsetsani kuti mumvetsetsa ngati kamera yanu ikudutsa mozungulira thupi kapena mandala kuti mudziwe ma lens omwe ali oyenera kamera yanu ngati mukufuna autofocus.

Ngakhale ma DSLR ali ndi machitidwe abwino kwambiri a autofocus, mumathabe kusintha magalasi anu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukuwongolera mawonekedwe a mandala vs. kamera yoyang'ana mandala. Dziwani kuti kuyang'ana pamanja ndi osati chimodzimodzi ndi kuwombera pamanja. Mutha kuwombera pamanja ndikugwiritsa ntchito autofocus. Muthanso kuwombera mumitundu ina kupatula pamanja ndikulingalira mandala anu. Kusintha mandala kuchokera pagalimoto mpaka pamanja ndikosavuta. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kudzera pakasinthana kakang'ono pa thupi la mandala, nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa "AF" ndi "MF", monga chithunzi pansipa. Pali magalasi ena omwe amakulolani kuti muzisanja mwadongosolo pomwe mandala ayikidwa ku autofocus; izi zimatchedwa kunyalanyaza kwa autofocus. Ngati simukudziwa ngati mandala anu atha kuchita izi, onani momwe akufotokozera.

Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsanso ntchito zowunika?

Ili ndi funso labwino. Machitidwe a Autofocus ndiabwino kwambiri, ndiye ndi liti ndipo ndichifukwa chiyani muyenera kusankha kuchita zinthu pamanja? Nthawi zambiri, autofocus ndiye njira yopita. Ndi yachangu komanso yolondola. Komanso, zowonera zamakono za DSLR sizinapangidwe kuti zizigwiritsa ntchito zowonera mozama monga zowonera m'makamera akale owonera. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuyang'ana pamanja ma DSLR pamalo apakatikati chifukwa zowonera zawo sizinapangidwe chifukwa chaichi. Izi zati, pali nthawi zina zomwe mungafune kapena muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zowunikira. Magalasi ena amangoyang'ana pamanja, chifukwa chake kusankha kwanu kungoyang'ana pamalopo. Pali magalasi amakono omwe amangoyang'ana pamanja okha komanso palinso magalasi akale omwe amatha kulumikizidwa ndi makamera amakono omwe angafunike kulunjika pamanja. Nthawi ina yomwe kuyang'ana pamanja kumathandiza kwambiri ndikuwombera zazikulu.  Kujambula kwama Macro Ndiwolondola kwambiri ndipo zithunzi zimakhala ndi gawo lochepa kwambiri. Izi nthawi zina zimatha kusokoneza dongosolo la autofocus, kapena autofocus mwina singafike pomwe mukufuna, chifukwa chake mungakhale bwinoko kulunjika pamanja kuti mupeze zomwe mukufuna ndi cholinga chomwe mukufuna.

Pali mfundo zambiri zowunikira. Kodi ndizigwiritsa ntchito bwanji?

DSLR yanu ili ndi mfundo zambiri. Mwina ngakhale zambiri! Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti muzigwiritsa ntchito zonse. Osatinso nthawi yomweyo, koma muyenera kudalira mfundo zanu zonse kuti muwoneke bwino…

Ndiye njira zabwino ziti zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito?

Koposa zonse, sankhani mfundo zanu. Musalole kuti kamera ikusankhireni! Ndikubwereza, sankhani malo anu owunikira! Kamera ikakusankhirani malo oti muziyang'ana, ikungoganiza zongoyerekeza komwe ikuyenera kuganizira. China chake pachithunzichi chidzayang'ana ... .koma sizingakhale zomwe mukufuna. Onani zowombera pansipa. Pachifanizo choyamba ichi, ndidasankha gawo langa limodzi kuti kakombo akhale wowonekera.

Tsopano yang'anani pa chithunzi chotsatira. Chilichonse pachithunzi chotsatira ndichofanana ndi choyambirira: mandala, makonda, malo anga. Chokhacho chomwe ndidasintha ndikuti ndidasintha malo osankhidwawo kukhala amodzi ndikusankha kamera posankha. Monga mukuwonera, kakombo wanga yemwe ndikufuna sanatchulidwenso koma duwa lakumapeto tsopano lakhala chinthu chofunikira. Izi ndi zomwe kamera idasankha mwachisawawa.

Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi? Malo angapo? Ndasokonezeka kwambiri!

Sindikukutsutsani. Nthawi zina pamakhala kuchuluka kwakanthawi kwamalingaliro athu pamakamera athu, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kudziwa yomwe mungasankhe. Makamera ena amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepa kuposa ena, koma ambiri amatha kutero sankhani mfundo imodzi komanso gulu lalikulupo. Kuyika pamfundo imodzi kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zambiri. Ndi mfumu yazithunzi. Ikani mfundo yoyang'ana pa diso la mutu umodzi, kapena lolani 1/3 njira pagulu la anthu okhala ndi mfundo imodzi. Gwiritsani ntchito malo owoneka bwino ndikuyika komwe mungafune. Mutha kuyigwiritsanso ntchito pamasewera ngati mumatha kutsatira maphunziro. Dziwani kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi, itha kukhala mfundo YONSE, osati pakatikati pokha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zingapo kungakhale kothandiza pakuwombera masewera omwe ali ndi maphunziro osunthika omwe ali kutali kwambiri ndipo ndi ovuta kuwatsata ndikusunga mfundo imodzi. Ngati kamera yanu ili ndi makina otsogola kwambiri a autofocus mutha kukhala ndi zosankha zingapo pakagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zingapo nthawi imodzi. Khalani ndi nthawi yomvetsetsa zomwe aliyense amachita kuti mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito mokwanira. Zowunikira zingapo sizomwe mungagwiritse ntchito mukamajambula zithunzi zosakwatiwa kapena zamagulu. Koma ngati mukujambula chithunzi chamtundu wina pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, kumbukirani izi: nthawi zina mumakhala ndi mfundo zingapo zomwe zitha kuwoneka ngati pali zowunikira pamaso pa anthu angapo. Izi sizitanthauza kuti munthu aliyense azingoyang'ana. Ngakhale kamera ikuwonetsa malo angapo owunikira, ikungotola imodzi mwazimenezo, mfundo ndi chosiyana kwambiri, kuti muganizirepo. Onetsetsani kuti kuzama kwanu ndikokwanira kuti mugwirizane ndi gulu lanu lonse.

Kodi ma autofocus drive modes ndi ati?

Mitunduyi imawongolera momwe magalimoto oyang'ana mugalasi / kamera amagwirira ntchito. Kutengera mtundu wa kamera yanu, mitunduyo idzakhala ndi mayina osiyanasiyana. Mawonekedwe amodzi / AF-S amatanthauza kuti mota yoyang'ana imangobwera kamodzi mukamagwiritsa batani lanu kapena batani lakumbuyo kuti muganizire. Sichitha kuthamanga. Maganizo ali pamalo amodzi mpaka kamera iwonenso ndi batani lina la batani kapena batani lakumbuyo. Njirayi ndiyabwino pazithunzi ndi mawonekedwe. Mawonekedwe a AI Servo / AF-C amatanthauza kuti mota yomwe ikuyang'ana ikupitilizabe kuyenda pomwe kuyang'ana kumatsatiridwa pamutu wosuntha. Mwanjira imeneyi, batani lakutsekera kapena batani lakumbuyo limasindikizidwa kwinaku mukutsata phunzirolo kuti cholinga chake chiziyendetsa. Njirayi ndiyabwino pamutu uliwonse womwe umasuntha (masewera, nyama, ana omwe akuyenda). Sagwiritsidwe ntchito pazithunzi.

Kodi ndikusintha mfundo zanga zokhudzana ndi chiyani? Nanga bwanji kuyang'ana ndikuwabwezeretsa?

Kusintha mfundo zomwe mukuyang'ana kukutanthauza kuti mukusankha nokha zomwe mukuyang'ana ndipo mukuyenda, kapena "kusintha" zomwe zikuzungulira mpaka mutasankha zomwe zapita komwe mukufuna. Makamera amakono apangidwa kuti asinthe! Muli mfundo zofunikira kwambiri mwa iwo… muzigwiritsa ntchito! Pitani kutali!

Ganizirani ndi kubwezera ndi njira yomwe mumatsegulira chidwi pa mutu (nthawi zambiri, koma osati nthawi zonse, pogwiritsa ntchito malo apakati), kenako sungani batani losindikizira litatsindikizidwa mutabweza kuwombera kuti muyike maphunziro omwe mukufuna. Kenako mumatenga chithunzi. Mwachidziwitso, kuyang'ana kuyenera kukhala kotsekedwa pomwe mudayiyika poyamba. Komabe, njirayi nthawi zina imatha kukhala yovuta, makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito malo ocheperako okhala ndi ndege zowonda kwambiri. Maganizo ake ali pa ndege… taganizirani chidutswa chagalasi lomwe limakwera mpaka pansi ndikukhala mbali yayitali, koma makulidwe ake amatengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo kutsegula. Pomwe malo anu ndi otakata, "galasi" limenelo limakhala lochepa kwambiri. Kubwezeretsanso kumatha kuchititsa kuti ndegeyo isunthe (lingalirani zosuntha galasi laling'ono), ndipo izi zitha kupangitsa kuti cholinga chanu chisinthe. Zithunzi zonse ziwiri pansipa zidatengedwa ndimachitidwe omwewo. Kutalika kwake kunali 85mm, ndipo kutsegula kwake kunali 1.4. Kuwombera koyamba kunatengedwa ndikusintha zomwe ndimayang'ana m'diso la mutu wanga. Maso ake akuyang'anitsitsa. Pachithunzi chachiwiri, ndidayang'ana ndikubwezera. Pachithunzichi, nsidze zake zikuyang'ana kwambiri koma maso ake ndi olimba. Ndege yanga yoyenda, yomwe ndi yopyapyala kwambiri ku 1.4, idasinthidwa nditachira.

Nthawi zina kumakhala kofunikira kuyang'ana ndikuwongolera. Nthawi zina ndimatenga zithunzi pomwe mutu wanga umakhala kwinakwake kunja kwa komwe kamera yanga imafikira. Chifukwa chake, ndizingoyang'ana ndikubwezera m'malo amenewo. Ngati mukutero, ndikofunikira kuyesetsa momwe mungathere kuti musasunthire ndege yanu, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito kabowo kakang'ono komwe kadzakuthandizani.

Zithunzi zanga sizikuyang'ana. Kodi nditani?

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zomwe zithunzi zanu sizikuyang'ana. Yesetsani kusokoneza pogwiritsa ntchito mndandandawu:

• Anu Kuzama kwa munda ndi kabowo zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito ndizochepera kwambiri kuti mupeze zonse zomwe mumafuna kuziganizira.
• Kamera yanu ikusankha malo omwe mukuyang'ana ndipo simukuyika pomwe mukufuna.
• Mukuyesera kuyang'ana pachinthu china choyandikira kwambiri kuposa kutalika kwa mandala anu (magalasi onse amakhala ndi mtunda woyang'ana pang'ono. Mwambiri, kupatula ndi magalasi akuluakulu, kutalika kwa mtunda, ndikutali kwakutali kwambiri. zadindidwa pa mbiya yamagalasi. Ngati sichoncho, mutha kuwona pa intaneti kapena m'ndondomeko yamagalasi anu kuti mumve izi.)
• Anu liwiro la shutter ndilochedwa kwambiri, kuchititsa kusuntha kwamayendedwe
• Mukuwombera m'munsi kwambiri ndipo zinali zovuta kuti kamera yanu isazindikire.
• Mutha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe oyendetsa autofocus osasankhidwa molondola (mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito kuwombera kamodzi pa chinthu chosuntha, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito Servo / kuyang'ana mosalekeza pamutu womwe udakalipo. Zonsezi zitha kupangitsa chisokonezo.)
• Mukuwombera katatu ndipo muli ndi IS / VR. Ntchitoyi iyenera kuzimitsidwa lens ikakhala pa katatu.
• Magalasi anu ali ndi vuto lenileni la autofocus. Nthawi zambiri iyi imangokhala nkhani yaying'ono pomwe magalasi amayang'ana pang'ono kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo komwe mungafune kuti iyang'ane. Kuti muwone ngati ndi mandala, muyenera kuyika mandala anu patatu ndi kutenga zithunzi za chinthu ngati cholamulira kuti muwone ngati cholinga chanu chagwera komwe mukufuna. Muthanso kupeza ma chart pa intaneti kuti muyese kuyang'ana. Mukawona kuti mandala anu azimitsidwa, mutha kusintha nokha ngati kamera yanu ili ndi autofocus microadjustment kapena zosankha bwino. Ngati kamera yanu ilibe mwayiwu, muyenera kutumiza kamera kwa wopanga kapena kubweretsa kumalo ogulitsira makamera kuti musinthe. Ngati vuto ndiloti autofocus pa kamera yawonongeka kapena yathyoledwa, izi zikuyenera kukonzedwa ndi wopanga kapena malo ogulitsira makamera ndipo sangakonzedwe ndikusintha kwazing'ono.

Tsopano pitani kunja uko mukatenge zithunzi zowoneka bwino zomwe mumafuna!

Amy Short ndi wojambula zithunzi komanso woyembekezera wochokera ku Wakefield, RI. Mutha kumupeza pa www.amykristin.com ndi pa Facebook.