Ukujula Kwensimu: Isifundo Esibukwayo

Ekuthunyelwe kwanamuhla ngabelana ngezibonelo ezibukwayo zokujula kwensimu okuhlukahlukene ngisebenzisa onodoli baseRussia i-Matryoshka. Ngalezi zibonelo ungabona kangcono ukuthi kwenzekani ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene lapho usebenzisa khona amaphuzu wokugxila ahlukile lapho udubula ngensimu engajulile (DOF).

Imininingwane embalwa:

• Lezi zithombe azihlelwanga, ngaphandle kombhalo ongezansi kwesithombe ngezilungiselelo, kanye ne lola isenzo sewebhu Photoshop kusuka ku-MCP Fusion.
• Lezi zithombe zithathwe ne- Ikhamera ye-Olympus Micro Four-Thirds OM-D EM-5 futhi Ilensi yePanasonic 25mm 1.4. Lokhu kusebenza okugxile okuyi-25mm (ngamagama angama-35mm) ngama-50mm, njengoba la makhamera enenzwa enesici sokukhiqiza esingu-2x. Ngakho… esiNgisini kulabo abaqala phansi, ubude obulinganayo obufana no-50mm emzimbeni wohlaka oluphelele, njengami ICanon 5D MKIII. Ngenxa yesici sokutshala ukujula kwensimu akuyona okujulile njengoba kungaba ku-Canon yami. Kepha njengoba uzobona lapha, usengathola umbono omuhle wokuthi lezi zinombolo zisithinta kanjani isithombe.
• Lo mqondo wafika kimi ebusuku. Kwakungekho ukukhanya kwemvelo futhi ngenxa yalokho ngangidinga i-ISO ephezulu, eyayizokwengeza okusanhlamvu, noma isikhathi eside sokuchayeka. Njengoba ngangifuna ukulungisa ukuvula kwalesi sibuko, futhi njengoba ngangikwazi ukusebenzisa phansi “njenge-tripod” ngakhetha ukudubula zonke izithombe e-ISO200 ngokudalulwa okude.

Iphuzu lokugxila liyashintsha - wonke onodoli abasendizeni efanayo:

Uma udubula uvuleke kakhulu, inombolo ephansi kunazo zonke ilensi yakho ezoya kuyo (kulokhu i-1.4), unendawo encane kakhulu yesithombe sakho okuzogxilwa kuyo. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ngezansi, onodoli bagxile esithombeni sokuqala, njengoba ngangigxile emehlweni wedoli ngakwesobunxele. Bonke onodoli babesendizeni efanayo ngqo kulokhu kusetha. Qaphela ukuthi ingemuva liphuma ekugxilweni futhi lidala ukufiphala okuhle. Futhi qaphela ukuthi indawo engaphambili eseduze nekhamera yami iqala ukuthola ukufiphala kokukhanya futhi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokujula kwensimu okungajulile.

 

Ngokusetha okufanayo ngqo, nazo zonke izilungiselelo ezifanayo kwikhamera, manje sengigxile kuketanga ngemuva. Onodoli manje sebefiphele kepha isihlalo, udonga nezimpumputhe sekugxilwe kakhulu.

Onodoli badidekile - amaphuzu okugxila ayashintsha:

Ngokwesethi elandelayo yezithombe, ngagxadazela onodoli ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngokuhlukana futhi ngidayagonali ukuze ubone umthelela. Ukuqala ngigxile kunodoli ongakwesobunxele. Ngibeka iphuzu lokugxila ngqo emehlweni akhe ngenkathi e-af / stop ye-1.4. Ungabona ukuthi isihlalo siphinde saphazanyiswa futhi, kepha ngaphezu kwalokho bonke onodoli ngaphandle kwalesi sokhohlo bafiphele. Ngokuqhubeka nokubuyisela unodoli, waba mnyama kakhulu.

Manje, ngithuthele ukugxila kunodoli wesibili kusuka kwesobunxele. Uyabona ukuthi unodoli wangaphambili namanye onodoli abathathu emuva emuva kufiphele.

Manje ngigxile kunodoli wesikhungo. Futhi ungabona ukuthi ngaphambili okubili (kwesobunxele) nangemuva okubili (kwesokudla) kanye nangemuva konke kufiphele kanjani.

 

Futhi ngokulandelayo, owesine. Uyabona ukuthi onodoli abambalwa bokuqala bafiphele. Kepha, ngokungafani nezinye, manje njengoba sesigxile kude kakhulu nekhamera, kungena esinye isimo. Ukusondelana kwakho nesihloko sakho kunciphisa i-DOF. Ngokude lapho ukhona, kukhulu indawo okugxilwa kuyo. Ngenxa yalokhu, noma ngigxile kowesi-4, owesi-4 nowesi-3 kusabhekwe kancane. Bengingasho ukuthi babukhali, kepha futhi abayona ukufiphala okukhulu.

 

Manje unodoli wesi-5… omncane impela. Umqondo ofanayo nowaku-4, ukujula kwensimu kukhulisiwe. Uma uthanda izinombolo ezimsulwa, ungathola amashadi we-DOF online. Ngingumfundi nothisha obonwayo, ngakho hhayi “njengezibalo” njengoba kungenzeka ishadi libe njalo. Ngenkathi ubheka lena, bheka ukuthi ukhaphethi uzungeze kanjani udoli wesi-5.

Ekugcineni, onodoli bediyazela, uyabona sigxile esihlalweni. Njengasesithombeni lapho onodoli babekhona endizeni eyodwa, onodoli abagxadazile basalokhu kufiphele.

Ukulungele ukuqhubeka? Okulandelayo, kushintsha i-DOF:

Kuze kube manje zonke izithombe zithwetshulwe ku-f / 1.4. Manje ake sikushintshe lokho kancane. Ezithombeni ezizayo, iphuzu lokugxila lahlala emehlweni wedoli wokuqala. Lezi zinguquko ezimbili ukuvula (f / stop) nejubane. Kungani ushintsha ijubane? Ukube angizange ukuvezwa kungavalwa.

Ukuqala, nasi isithombe ku- f / 1.4 - gxila kunodoli wesobunxele.

Ngokulandelayo ngishintshele ku-f / stop ka-2.0. Kuseduze kakhulu nesibhamu esingenhla, kepha unodoli wesibili uya ngokuya egxila kancane.

 

Isithombe esilandelayo sisendaweni engu-2.8. Unodoli wesibili uthola ukugxila kokuthe xaxa… Kepha hhayi impela. Gcina engqondweni, iphuzu lokugxila likudoli wokuqala.

Nakhu ukuvula kwe-4.0. Manje, ngenkathi ubheka lokhu, qala ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo uthatha isithombe somndeni noma iqembu elikhulu labantu. Uma besendizeni eyodwa, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-2.8 noma i-4.0, kepha uma iqembu likhulu noma limile ezindizeni eziningi, ungabona ukuthi kuzokwenzekani. Bheka ohlangothini lwesokunene kunodoli.

 

Ngenxa yejubane, sizokweqa ezinye "izitobhi." Okulandelayo okukhonjisiwe kuku f / 6.3. Lowo doli wesibili usondele kakhulu ekugxileni manje.

Ukugxumela ku-f / 11, okukhonjiswe ngokulandelayo, ungabona ukuthi wonke umndeni wonodoli ucishe ugxile kanjani. Cabanga ngomndeni omkhulu noma iqembu… Lokhu kungahle kube okuphelele. Uma usuqala phansi ungazibuza, "kungani ngingaqhuma ku-2.8 uma ngazi ukuthi ngingagxila kangcono ku-f / 11?" Nakhu ukuthi kungani… Uma ufuna ukwehlukanisa isihloko sakho ngemuva, kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza ukuma kumanani aphezulu f / izitobhi ezinjengo-11. Bona ukuthi usihlalo ucace kanjani futhi? Ayinayo leyo mfanelo yokuqhamuka ngaphambili eqhamuka ngemuva.

 

 

Kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukukhetha okubaluleke kakhulu. Ukukha imbobo, isivinini, kanye / noma i-ISO. Kungakho ukudubula kwenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswayo noma izindlela ezisetshenziswayo kubalulekile, kuqhathaniswa ne-AUTO, lapho ikhamera ithatha isinqumo khona. Ngokwengeziwe, uma udubula ukuvuleka okubanzi (njenge-1.4, 2.0, njll) uvumela ukukhanya okuningi. Ngakho-ke, uma unesimo sokukhanya okuphansi, uzodinga ukukhuphula i-ISO yakho ukuze ukhanyise (okungaholela ekusanhlamvu) noma uzodinga ukwehlisa ijubane (okungaholela ekufiphaliseni kokunyakaza). Bheka ngezansi izilungiselelo. Njengoba lesi bekuyisimo esincane sokukhanya, futhi bengifuna ukusebenzisa i-ISO200 ukuze okusanhlamvu kungangeni, bekufanele ngisebenzise ukuvezwa kwesekhondi okungu-20 ukudubula ku-f16. Ukube laba onodoli babengabantu bangempela noma ngabe ngangiphethe ngesandla, ngangingeke ngikuzuze lokhu ekukhanyeni kwemvelo futhi ngibe nezihloko ezibukhali. Hhayi ithuba!

 

I-tripod ingaba wusizo ekuvezweni okude okufana nalokhu (noma phansi kulokhu). Kepha uma abantu bedutshuliwe, hhayi onodoli noma into enganyakaziseki, kuzodingeka udubule ngokuvula okubanzi futhi mhlawumbe nase-ISO ephakeme. Bona okwethu Buyela ochungechungeni lwezisekelo ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-ISO, i-Aperture, ne-Speed ​​konke kwakha kanjani ” unxantathu wokuchayeka. Ngiyethemba ukuthi lokhu kubuka okubukwayo kwakusizile.

Siyabonga!

Jodi