Daren Dare: Yadda Ake Takeaukaka Hotuna a Duhu - Sashe na 1

Daren Dare: Yadda Ake Takeaukaka Hotuna a Duhu - Sashe na 1

A matsayinmu na masu daukar hoto, duk mun koya sosai da wuri haske shine babban abokinmu. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa da yawa daga cikinmu abin tsoro yayin da muke da kyamara a hannu, kuma hasken ya fara dusashewa. Yawancinsu kawai tattara kaya su tafi gida. Abin takaici, wannan ma lokacin da ainihin sihiri ya faru. Haka ne, yana ɗaukar wasu aikace-aikace da ƙananan toolsan kayan aiki, amma harbi “a cikin duhu” ​​na iya zama da gaske da daɗi, da ƙirƙirar hotuna masu ban mamaki. Kada ku ji tsoron duhu…

Na kama wannan hoton ne kwata-kwata a cikin kyamara (babu Photoshop anan) a lokacin da nake ɗaukar hoto bayan magariba. Koyi yadda a cikin Nasihu da Dabaru na gobe - Sashe na 2 na wannan labarin.

Sihiri Mintuna 15 na Daukar hoto

Kafin ƙaddamar da hotona na kaina a shekarar da ta gabata, na taimaka kuma na yi harbi tare da mai ɗaukar hoto na kasuwanci na tsawon shekaru 5. Mafi yawan aikinmu ya ta'allaka ne akan gine-gine, shimfidar wurare da ƙarshen zamani, manyan samfura (motoci, jiragen ruwa da jiragen sama). Mun shafe mafi yawan ayyukan da muke ɗauka suna harbi da hantsi ko faduwar rana, galibi muna amfani da fitilun fitila don haɓaka ƙaramar hasken da ke akwai. A cikin wadannan shekaru biyar da bacci ya dauke su, na koyi abubuwa da yawa game da harbi a cikin duhu, musamman a lokacin Sihiri ko Tsaron Zinare - sa'a ta farko da ta ƙarshe ta hasken rana. Ni kaina na koma gareshi kamar Sihiri ko Zinare 15 Mintuna - 15 minti kafin rana tana fitowa, da mintina 15 bayan Rana ta fadi - kuma san yadda  lokacin sihiri na daidaitaccen hasken haske. Akwai wani abu na musamman game da wannan hasken, ko rashin sa, a wannan ƙaramin taga na lokaci wanda ke ƙirƙirar hotunan sihiri da gaske yayin da hasken ke haɓaka sama da ƙarin fallasa. Sararin samaniya yana samun wannan shuɗin shuɗi, mai haske, kuma duk sauran hasken dake wurin suna ƙonewa da kyau.

Farawa: abin da kuke buƙatar harba da dare

Batun da na fi so don daukar hoto na dare yawanci wasu nau'ikan shimfidar wuri ne ko yanayin gine-gine tare da wasu fitilu a cikin aikin. Don haka, wannan shine abin da za mu mai da hankali a kai a yau.

Abinda na fara da mahimmanci shine nasara a harbi "a cikin duhu" shine a shirya. Samun kayan aiki daidai kuma san yadda ake amfani da shi tukunna, don haka zaku iya ɗaukar wannan hoto mai ban mamaki yayin ƙaramar taga na dacewar lokacin haske. Kuma kada ku ji tsoron gwaji. Da zarar kun san abubuwan yau da kullun, zaku sami harbi a cikin duhu don zama ɗayan ɗayan abubuwan birgewa mai kayatarwa da nishaɗi da zaku iya yi. Gaskiya ina jin daɗi kawai ina tunani game da shi!

Kayan aiki da kayan aiki - abin da za ku buƙaci kafin ku kuskura

1. Tripod - Kyakkyawar kamara kawai ba za ta yanke shi ba, don haka tafiyarku za ta zama babban abokiyarku yayin dogon bayani. Idan na kasance cikin shawagi ba tare da tafiyata ba, zan sami wadatacciyar hanyar gano madaidaiciya, shimfidar wuri don huta kyamara ta yayin da nake harbawa. Amma, hanya mai mahimmanci ita ce hanya mafi kyau don samun daidaitaccen kusurwar da kake so yayin riƙe kyamararka a tsaye. Ina son yawon shakatawa na carbon fiber saboda nauyi ne na tafiya, amma mai ƙarfi da karko. Tabbas ya cancanci saka hannun jari.

2. Sanarwar Tashar Taki - Har ila yau, bayyanar da ya fi tsayi yana buƙatar kyamarar kyamara. Sakin kebul, mai waya ko mara waya, zai rage kowane girgiza kamara lokacin da ka kunna ƙofa. Idan baku da sakin waya ba, to yayi kyau. Yawancin SLRs suna da yanayin mai ƙidayar lokaci, wanda ke ba da damar secondsan daƙiƙa na jinkiri kafin a kunna ƙofa don kawar da girgiza kowane kamara daga danna maɓallin. Don amfani da hanyar mai ƙidayar lokaci, kawai ɗora kyamarar ka a kan tafiyar ka, shirya harbi, da daidaita yanayin fallasar ka. (Zan tattauna batun samun fitowar da ta dace daga baya.) Idan kun shirya, tafiya da mai eridayar lokaci kuma ku tsaya a baya yayin da kyamara take ɗaukar muku hoto.

Na kama wannan gwajin harbi ne a cikin bukkar tiki a farfajiyarmu bayan faduwar rana. Saituna: F22, saukarwa ta biyu ta 30, ISO 400. Abin farin cikin wannan harbi shine ina ciki, tare da sabon hubby. Sakin kebul dina an ɗaura shi a cikin kyamara ta kuma ba zai iya isa kan kujera ta ba, don haka na saita mai ƙidayar lokaci, kuma na shiga cikin matsayi. Ina son ɗan ɓoyayyen abu a kanmu daga ɗaukar sakan 30, yayin da duk abin da ke da mahimmanci kuma a cikin hankali. Aunar masoyan da ke birgima a samanmu, suma.

3. Wurin ruwan tabarau - Gilashin ruwan da na fi so don harbi na dare shine 10-22, musamman don shimfidar wuri ko hotunan gine-gine. Gilashin tabarau galibi suna da gafara tare da mai da hankali a cikin duhu, kuma suna ba da kaifi mai ban mamaki ko'ina cikin yanayin, musamman ma a tsayayyun F-tsayawa kamar F16, F18 ko F22.

4. tocila - Yana iya zama wauta kuma bayyananne, amma ban taɓa harbawa da dare ba tare da amintaccen tocila na ba, Freddie. Ba wai kawai “shi” yana taimaka min in guji yin tuntuɓe cikin duhu ba, shi ma babban kayan aikin zanen haske ne. Freddie shima yafito da sauki lokacinda nake bukatar haskaka wani yanki mai haske dan saita hankalina. Wasu daga cikin kyawawan sararin sama suna faruwa ne bayan rana ta faɗi, ko kuma kafin rana ta fito, don haka a shirya don mai da hankali - da tafiya - cikin aminci cikin duhu.

5. Flash na waje (anyi amfani dashi da hannu kashe-kyamara) - Ana iya amfani da walƙiyarka ta waje azaman babban tushe don cike haske lokacin da aka kunna kamara da hannu. Da zarar na saita abin tafiyata kuma na ɓullo da hankali da hangowa, sai nayi amfani da walƙiyar hannuna don haskaka wurare masu duhu daga wurin. Yayin bayyanarwa ta biyu na 30, Zan iya buɗe fitila na sau da yawa a cikin wurare dabam dabam. Hakanan ina wasa tare da ƙarfin walƙiya, don haka sai na sanya shi akan Manual Mode kuma in daidaita shi daidai. Lokacin da nake so in more nishaɗi, zan tambayi matata, Matt, don ya rinka zagayowa yana haskaka fitila a kan wasu wurare masu duhu a lokacin da aka daɗe. Wannan shine wurin da zai iya zama da daɗi da kirkira - kuma abin birgewa don kallo! Kyakkyawan waɗannan dogon bayanin a cikin ƙaramar haske tare da rufaffiyar buɗe ido shine cewa jikin motsi ba zai yi rajista ba muddin ba shi da haske. Ko da ya yi gudu a gaban tabarau na na biyu ko biyu, jikinsa ba zai yi rajista ba. Kyakkyawan sanyi, huh?

Wani harbi na tiki bukka bayan faduwar rana. Layuka 10-22. Saituna: F22, ɗaukar hoto na biyu 30, ISO 400. Na yi amfani da walƙiya ta waje don ɗan haskaka itacen dabino a gaba.

Yanzu mun shirya jerin kayan aikinmu, a gaba zanyi karin bayani kan saitunan kyamararka, mai da hankali da kuma fallasawa. Nasiha mafi kyawu ga masu farawa ita ce su fita can su fara harbi. Yi wasa tare da bambancin ra'ayi akan buɗewar ku da saurin rufewar ku, ku kalli yadda ƙananan gyare-gyare ke shafar sakamakon gaba ɗaya. Kamar kowane irin hoto, ƙwarewa da aiki shine mafi kyawun malami.

Yanayin Manhaja lallai ne

Saboda kuna buƙatar cikakken iko akan buɗewa da saurin rufewa don ƙusa fallasawar ku, lallai ne kuyi harbi a cikin Yanayin Manunin Manha na kamarar ku. Za ku ga cewa yayin da haske ya canza, zaku yi gyare-gyare tare da kusan kowane danna maballin. Don rikitar da abubuwa kaɗan, waɗannan gyare-gyare za su sami kadan ko ba komai yi tare da karatun mita na cikin kyamararka. Abun takaici, karatun mita kawai baya aiki a cikin duhu. Yi ban kwana da Na'urar atomatik, Shirye-shiryen da Manyan Fifiko. Yanayin Manual shine kawai zaɓin abin dogaro. Allyari, yayin da zaku iya amfani da Auto-Focus a kan ruwan tabarau, koyaushe ina bayar da shawarar sauya ruwan tabarau zuwa Yanayin Maida Hannun Manya da zarar an saita mayar da hankali don tabbatar da abin da ya mayar da hankali ya zama kaifi da kulle. Nemi ƙarin nasihun hankali a ciki Sashe na 2 - Nasihu da Dabaru, gobe.

Kafa buɗewar ku (F-stop) da saurin rufewa don harbin dare
Lissafin fitowar da ta dace don yanayin ƙaramar haske ya fi fasaha fiye da kimiyya. Tunda karatuttukan mita naka ba daidai bane a cikin duhu, ana iya amfani dasu azaman jagora kawai. Wannan shine inda aiki da gogewa suke da fa'ida. Gwargwadon harbi da daddare, gwargwadon fahimtarku da ilhamarku wajen kimantawa abubuwa ne zasu yi muku hidima. Nayi alƙawari a bayan shoan harbe-harbe a cikin duhu, da gaske za ku fara kallon wani fage kuma a hankali ku san wuri mai kyau da za ku fara da saitunan fallasa ku. Kyakkyawar harbi na dijital shine cewa zaku iya daidaitawa da sauri, kuyi aiki ku koya.

Lokacin da ya yi duhu, hankalinku na farko (musamman masu harbe-harbe na hoto) na iya zama sun haɗu da ISO ɗinku zuwa matakan taurari kuma ku buɗe buɗefinku don ba da damar haske sosai. Don wannan darasin, ina roƙonku ku musanta wannan buƙatar kuma ku tafi M shugabanci - kiyaye ISO a matakin al'ada,  rufe ƙasa budewa, da kuma harba da yawa tsawon lokaci. Ya ɗauki ɗan lokaci don samun kwanciyar hankali, amma yanzu ni babban mai son dogon bayani ne don harbi mai sauƙi. Yawancin hotuna da na fi so “a cikin duhu” ​​an kama su yayin baje koli na tsawon dakika 10-30. A matsayina na yatsan yatsa, Ina ƙoƙari na rufe rufin buɗe ido na (F-stop) gwargwadon iko (F16, F18 ko F22), sannan kuma kiyaye ISO na a matakin “mafi ƙaranci” (daga 100 zuwa 500) zuwa rage hayaniya da kara girman lokacin bayyanata.

An kama minti 10 bayan faɗuwar rana. Ananan: 10-22. Saituna: F16, ɗaukar hoto na 10, ISO 100

Duk da yake ba safai ake amfani da fallasa ba don aikin hoto ba, suna da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar waɗannan hotuna masu ƙananan yanayi. Na ba da izinin dogon aiki zuwa aiki domin ni, bada lokaci don hasken ya ginu. Hakanan yana ba ni lokaci don in sami kirkira tare da cika walƙiya da motsi. (Onari akan hakan, gobe, a ciki part 2 Rufe buɗewar ka yayin rufewar kai tsaye kuma yana ba da fifiko mai kaifin hankali a duk wuraren. Idan aka ba ni zabi (wanda koyaushe muke da shi a matsayin masu daukar hoto), zan fi son harba tsawon lokaci tare da ƙaramar buɗewa fiye da ƙaramar buɗewa da aka buɗe. Ari da haka, ɗayan sanannen tasirin yanayi na rufewa yayin ɗaukar hoto mai tsawo shine hasken wuta a wurin lalacewa ta halitta cikin kyawawan taurari. Babu Photoshop anan - kawai tasirin lokaci da F22.

Hoton kwanan nan da aka ɗauka a cikin bukkar tiki a lokacin hutu, mintuna 30 bayan faɗuwar rana. Ananan: 10-22. Saituna: F22, karo na biyu 13, ISO 400. Hakanan nayi amfani da walƙiya don buɗe popan lokuta a kan rufin. Lura kowane aya haske ya zama tauraro.

Haka ne, na sani, yana da yawa don sha. Amma harbi cikin dare yana da daɗi da nishaɗi - yana da daraja duk lokacin da ƙarfin da kuka sa a ciki. Don haka shirya kayan aikinka, yi wasa tare da saitunan kyamararka a cikin duhu, kuma a kasance damu part 2, gobe, inda zan fadada kan nasihu da dabaru don harbi da dare. Za ku zama pro kafin ku sani shi!

Game da marubucin: Sunana Tricia Krefetz, mai Danna. Kama. Irƙira Daukar hoto, a rana, Boca Raton, Florida. Kodayake na yi shekara shida ina yin harbi da fasaha, amma a shekarar da ta gabata na fara harka ta hoto don biyan bukatar mutane ta daukar hoto. Ina matukar son raba dabarun harbi dana koya tsawon shekaru tare da sauran masu daukar hoto. Za ku iya bi ni kan Facebook don ƙarin nasihu da misalai na hotunan dare, kuma ziyarci my yanar don hotona na aiki.