Uyisebenzisa kanjani iFlash yakho ngokukuko kwimizobo (Icandelo 1 le-5) -bhalwe yi-MCP undwendwe lweBlogger uMateyu Kees

U-Matthew Kees umfoti onesiphiwo kwaye utitshala. Wenza uthotho lweenxalenye ezi-5 kwiBhlog yeZenzo ze-MCP ekusebenziseni iFlash yangoku yeMifanekiso. Ndonwabile ngokwabelana ngolwazi kunye nobuchule bakhe kubo bonke abafundi bam. Ezi tutorials ziya kuphehlelela kanye emva kwenye iveki. Kwezinye iiveki, ixesha livumelekile, uMateyu uya kujonga kwicandelo LOKUPHAWULA aphendule eminye imibuzo. Qiniseka ukuba ubuza imibuzo yakho ngqo kwicandelo lamagqabaza malunga nale posi.

Le yinxalenye 1 ka 5.

Ngu-Matthew L Kees, undwendwe kwi-Blog ye-MCP

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I-TTL OTF Flash (“ukuba isihlangu siyakulingana…”)

Olunye lwenkqubela phambili enkulu yokufota ngokufota lwenzeka ngo-1974 xa iOlimpus yabhengeza ikhamera yabo ye-OM-2 kunye neFlash Auto 310 TTL OTF. Aba babini basebenze kunye kwi "flash" ezinikezelweyo.

Ithetha ukuthini le nto, ikhamera kunye neflash banakho ukunxibelelana nabanye. Iziphumo zefleshi zilawulwa "liliso" okanye inzwa, ebekwe ngaphakathi komzimba wekhamera ofunda ukukhanya okudlulile ngeLens (TTL) kunye nokukhutshwa kweFilimu (OTF).

Umlinganiso weTTL OTF wenziwa ukuba wenziwe “ngamachaphaza” ongezelelweyo kwisihlangu esitshisayo sekhamera esihambelana kunye nonxibelelwano olongezelelweyo kunyawo lwefleshi. Ifleshi kunye nekhamera babekwazi "ukuthetha" omnye komnye ngokusebenzisa olo nxibelelwano longezelelekileyo. Inzwa ngaphakathi kwikhamera ixelele ukukhanya xa ukukhanya okwaneleyo kufikelele kwifilimu ngexesha lokuvezwa, kwaye usike i-flash ukuze kungabikho kukhanya kuveliswayo. Iziphumo zazibonakaliswa ngokugqibeleleyo ngalo lonke ixesha.

Phambi kokuba siqhubele phambili, kuqala kufuneka ndichaze iteknoloji yakudala.

Indlela yokuphuma kwesikhanyisi esilawulwa kwimowudi yeManyuwali, kukuba kumandla amakhulu okuseta ukuqhuma kwesibane, okanye ukubetha kwesibane, kuhlala ixesha elide kunokuba kunjalo kuseto lwamandla asezantsi. Kwiseti ephezulu ukubethela kweflash kubude bexesha eli-1/1000 lomzuzwana ubude- "umbhobho" omkhulu wokukhanya. Kwisetingi samandla asezantsi asondele kwi-1 / 40,000 yomzuzwana - "ukukhanya" okuncinci kokukhanya.

Xa isibane sangoku sibekwe kwikhamera yefilimu kwaye sisetelwe kwimowudi ye-TTL ye-OTF, isivamvo se-OTF siseta ixesha lokutsala kwimitha yekhamera. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-ISO isetelwe kubungakanani kwibhokisi efikileyo. Kungenxa yokuba iifilimu ezisezantsi ze-ISO zifuna ukukhanya ngakumbi ukwenza ukubonakaliswa okuhle kuneefilimu eziphezulu ze-ISO.

Ukuba ufuna ukukhanya okungaphantsi kunefilimu oyifunayo, njengokuchukumisa ukukhanya ngaphandle, utshintsha nje useto lwe-ISO kumzimba wekhamera, uye kwelinye eliphakamileyo kunenqanaba lebhokisi yefilimu. Inqanaba lokwenyani lefilimu alitshintshi kangako, uyakhohlisa inzwa ye-OTF ngokucinga ukuba ifilimu ebilayishiwe ifuna ukukhanya okungaphantsi kokukhanya kunokuba kunjalo. Ukukhanya okungaphezulu kokukhanya uya kuthoba useto lwe-ISO.

Iikhamera zedijithali zahlukile. Awunakhohlisela inzwa ngokutshintsha useto lwe-ISO. Ukulungisa useto lwe-ISO kwi-SLR yedijithali kufana nokutshintsha kwangoko ifilimu kwenye inenqaku elitsha lebhokisi. Ubuntununtunu be-chip bonyuka ngokuseta okuphezulu kwe-ISO okanye kuncipha nge-ISO esezantsi, ke kufuneka kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso olutsha lweTTL.

Ukukhanya kwala maxesha, kwaye uninzi lweekhamera zeDSLR, zongeze useto lwe-EV lokukhanya xa usetelwe kwimowudi yeTTL.

I-EV imele ixabiso lokubonisa. Xa useta i-ISO, f / yeka kunye nesantya se-shutter usebenzisa imitha yokuvezwa, isekwe kwiXabiso lokuBoniswa kwaloo ndawo. Emva koko unokuhlengahlengisa ukukhanya kwendawo ngokutshintsha useto lwe-EV kumzimba wekhamera. Ukudityaniswa kwe-EV kwenza ukuba indawo icace kwaye i-EV minus iyenze mnyama. Ukulungelelanisa ukukhanya kwesibane, kufuneka utshintshe isetingi ye-EV yesibane. Oku kuhlala kubhekiswa kuko njengeFlash Flash yokuBonisa iMbuyekezo okanye i-FEC.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlengahlengise umbane kumzimba wekhamera kwiikhamera ezininzi zedijithali, evakalayo, kuba inzwa elawula ifleshi ikhoyo.

I-Canon ilebula inkqubo yabo entsha yeTTL ye-flash, i-E-TTL II, emele uVavanyo lwe-TTL inguqulelo yesi-2. Zombini zinamandla okulawula i-flash kwi-khamera okanye ukucima kwisinye kwisithathu sokunyuswa kokuma (EV = 0.3) kulungelelwaniso oluhle kakhulu lweflash.

Ewe, iikhamera zedijithali zeOlimpus zineTTL nayo, njengoko yenza uSony kunye neMinoltas ezindala, kunye nePentax, iPanasonic, iSigma, iRicoh, iFuji kwaye phantse zonke iikhamera zangoku ezenziwe. Ngokulawulwa kweLens flash kuye kwaba yinto esemgangathweni kuzo zonke iinkqubo zangoku zeflash / zekhamera.

Inye kuphela into ekufuneka ikhankanyiwe apha, kukuba awukwazi ukubeka i-Canon E-TTL flash kumzimba weNikon (okanye nayiphi na enye imodeli) kwaye uyisebenzise kwimowudi ye-TTL. Abafowunelwa abasetyenzisiweyo bahlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwisihlangu eshushu. Kwakhona ukusebenzisa i-TTL engenazingcingo ekude uya kufuna ifleshi eyenziwe ngumenzi omnye njengekhamera yakho.

Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane umntu wesithathu osebenza kwimowudi ye-TTL xa ifakwe kwikhamera yakho. I-Metz, i-Sunpak, i-Vivitar, i-Osram kunye nokunye konke kwenza i-TTL ikhanyise ngeenyawo ezahlukeneyo kwiikhamera ezahlukeneyo. Babedla ngokwenza isitayile esinye sidanyaze kwaye uthenge "unyawo" oludinga ngokwahlukeneyo. Yayibizwa ngokuba yi-adaptha ye-SCA. Ngoku benza umfuziselo ofanayo ngeenyawo ezahlukeneyo ezibunjiweyo. Ukuba uhamba ngale ndlela, qiniseka ukuba ifleshi ibhalwe ngohlobo lwekhamera yakho. Unokufumana i-TTL eneflash efanelekileyo malunga ne- $ 100 yeedola ukuba uthenga enye kwinkampani eyenza ukukhanya kuphela.

Iinkqubo zeTTL zekhamera / zeflash zangoku zithathela ingqalelo ubude beelensi, umgama ekugxilwe kuwo kunye neendawo ezikhethiweyo ekugxilwe kuzo xa kudutyulwa kwimowudi ye-AF. Ukuba ubude be-vario-focal, okanye i-lens "zoom" ifakwe, ke ubude obugxile ekusondeleni busetyenziswa.

Uninzi lwezibane ezintsha zineekhompyuter ezincinci. I-Nikon SB-900 entsha iguqula ngokuzenzekelayo imveliso yayo kwifomathi ye-imaging sensor kwaye inendlela yokwenza uhlaziyo lwe-firmware. Bafikile indlela ende ukusuka ekujongeni phezulu kwifilimu kwaye bavala ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngeendlela ezininzi ukukhanya okutsha kuhambele phambili njengekhamera uqobo, yiyo loo nto ke bexabisa ngaphezulu kakhulu kunangaphambili.