Cens Sensor vs. Full-Frame: Wacece zan buƙata kuma me yasa?

Idan kun kasance sabo zuwa daukar hoto, ko fara tunani game da haɓaka kayan aikin kyamararka daga matakan shigarwa zuwa wani abu mafi ƙwarewa, ƙila ka rikice game da abin da firikwensin firikwensin vs. cikakke yake nufi da yadda yake shafar daukar hoto.

Na farko, menene firikwensin firikwensin?

Na'urar firikwensin ita ce na'urar lantarki da ke rikodin bayanai lokacin da aka ɗauki hoto. Sensin maye gurbin fim kuma haske yana shiga kyamara ta cikin tabarau. “Yankuna” masu saurin haske da ke ɗaukar wannan bayanin ana kiransu hotunan hotuna. Theara wa Saitin ISO akan kyamararka sa firikwensin ya zama mai saurin haske ga hasken da yake karba. ISO mafi girma zai gabatar da ƙarin amo da hatsi cikin hoto.

Girman firikwensin na iya tasiri tasirin hotunanku.

A takaice labarin shine cewa na'urori masu auna sigina suna da girma daban-daban na jiki. Babban firikwensin firikwensin na iya yin rikodin ƙarin bayani (yana da ƙarin hotuna), yana ba ku damar samun hoto mafi kyau, musamman idan aka kwatanta shi da manyan saitunan ISO. (Amma, wannan ba koyaushe lamarin bane- ingancin fasaha na hoto ya dogara da dalilai da yawa!) Smalleraramin firikwensin firikwensin na iya iyakance mai ɗaukar hoto a wasu yanayi, musamman a ƙaramar haske. Sauran girman tasirin firikwensin shine yadda yawancin kyamarar za a iya kallo da kuma ɗaukar hoto daga wani tsayayyen tsayi da kuma tazara zuwa batun.

Yawancin kyamarorin DSLR na matakin shigarwa sune kyamarori masu haska amfanin gona. Mafi yawa, amma ba duka ba, masu ƙwarewa ko jikin kyamara masu ɗorewa suna da tsari. Sauran kyamarori, kamar su micro kashi huɗu cikin uku da kyamarori masu ɗaukar hoto, suna da ƙananan firikwensin firikwensin. Kuma wayoyin salula na zamani suna da firikwensin da suka ma fi girma. Kamar yadda yawancinmu muka sani, ƙananan kyamarori da wayoyin komai da ruwanmu galibi suna yin aiki da kyau sosai, musamman a cikin ƙaramar haske. Hotuna galibi sun haɗa da karin hatsi da ƙananan kaifi. Sensorananan firikwensin dalili ɗaya ne don hakan. Girman firikwensin yana da tasirin gaske akan inganci fiye da megapixels, kodayake kowa yana rataye akan megapixels kwanakin nan. Idan ba tare da babban firikwensin firikwensin ba, har ma da megapixels 30 ba zai amfane ku ba. Koyaya, ƙaramin kyamarori da wayowin komai da ruwan sun fara alfahari da manyan na'urori masu auna sigar, kodayake ba za su taɓa yin adawa da kyamarar DSLR ba.

Kwatanta yawan firikwensin da aka saba da su… da kuma yadda suke shafar tsinkayen tabarau.

Cikakken firikwensin firikwensin yana kwaikwayon girman firam na fim 35mm. Wannan ana ɗauke dashi daidaitaccen girman firikwensin a cikin masana'antar ɗaukar hoto. Senan na'urar firikwensin firikwensin (APS-C) sun ɗan cika girma a cikin girma fiye da cikakkun na'urori masu auna firikwensin. Kamar yadda kake gani, Canon yana amfani da ƙaramin ƙaramin firikwensin jikin jikin APS-C fiye da Nikon, Sony, Fuji, da Pentax. (Ina amfani da Canon kuma ina da na'urar firikwensin amfanin gona da cikakkiyar sifa).

Ana amfani da abin da ya ninka sau biyu idan aka yi amfani da kyamara mai auna firikwensin don samun tsayin daka “daidai” (dangane da hangen ruwan tabarau) kamar kuna harbi da kyamara mai cikakken hoto. Canon ta APS-C ya ninka kashi 1.6x, yayin da Nikon / Sony / Fuji / Pentax na APS-C ya ninka 1.5x. Kyamarar APS-H tare da nau'in narkar 1.3x (ban da Canon) yana da girman firikwensin tsakanin APS-C da cikakken firam. Daga karatuna, nayi imanin Canon ne ya samar da kyamara mai araha wacce har yanzu take amfani da firikwensin firikwensin fiye da na amfanin gona. Ana amfani da na'urar firikwensin micro kashi huɗu tare da nau'in amfanin gona na 2x akan wasu gilasai masu musanyawa da madubi akan kasuwa wanda ya haɗu da rata tsakanin ƙananan kyamarori da firikwensin amfanin gona DSLRs. Ya fi girma fiye da cikakken tsari tsaka-tsakin sifofi ne manya-manyan kyamarori, amma waɗannan ba su shahara a kasuwa ba kuma sun fi LOT tsada.

Don karya shi, wannan maɓallin narkarwar yana nufin:

• A jikin Canon APS-C: ruwan tabarau na 35mm = tsaka mai tsayi daidai zuwa 56mm akan cikakken hoto.

• Akan Nikon / Sony / Fuji / Pentax APS-C gawawwaki: ruwan tabarau na 35mm = tsaka mai tsayi daidai zuwa 53mm akan cikakken hoto.

• A jikin cikakken tsari, ana ɗaukar 35mm a matsayin babban kusurwar gani. A jikin APS-C, ya fāɗi ƙasa a kusurwar "al'ada" na kewayon kallo.

An harbi wannan hoton tare da kyamarar cikakken hoto. Hangen hangen nesa ya isa ya haɗa da batun nawa da abubuwan kewaye. Idan na harbe ta da kyamarar firikwensin firikwensin, a tsaye nesa ɗaya kuma ina amfani da ruwan tabarau mai tsayi daidai, da ba zan iya ɗaukar yawancin wuraren da ke cikin hoton ba, kamar dai na yi zuƙowa ciki, ƙirƙirar mafi ƙanƙan kwana na ra'ayi. Ina buƙatar amfani da gajeren gajeren gajeren lokaci da / ko ƙara nisa tsakanin batun da kaina.

Akwai fa'ida da rashin amfani ga kowane girman firikwensin.

Fa'idodi ga cikakken tsari, kamar yadda aka taɓa a baya, shine cewa akwai ƙarin hotuna don rikodin ƙarin bayani. Wannan babbar fa'ida ce lokacin harbi a cikin ƙaramar haske. Adadin amo da hatsi kaɗan ne a cikin ƙwarewar ISO mafi girma fiye da idan aka kwatanta da kyamara mai auna firikwensin. Wannan yana bawa mai daukar hoto damar yin amfani da haske na yanayi da na yanayi da kyau don samar da hoton tare da ɗaukar hoto mai kyau yayin kasancewa mai kaifi da rashin amo. Suna iya haɓaka ISO ba tare da ƙasƙanci da yawa na ƙimar hoto ba. Misali, akan kyamara ta cikakke (Canon 5D Mark III) Zan iya tura ISO zuwa 2000 kuma har yanzu ina samun karɓaɓɓiyar hayaniya da hatsi, kuma hatsin yana da kyau. A jikin jikina mai hangen nesa ( Canon 'Yan Tawaye T2i ) Ba na son yin harbi tare da ISO sama da 400 saboda yana samar da sananniyar kara da hatsi. Sauran fa'idar ita ce cewa ba lallai bane ku yi lissafi don gano menene tsayinku lokacin harbi. Abin da kuka gani shine abin da kuka samu. Gilashin hangen nesa zai zama ruwan tabarau mai fa'ida, kuma yayin amfani da doguwar mai kulawa mai mahimmanci bazai daɗewa nesa don ɗaukar hoto cikakke ba. Rashin fa'idodi ya haɗa da sanya kyamara ta ɗan fi girma da nauyi, da kuma buƙatar ruwan tabarau mafi girma da nauyi. Kyakkyawan kyamarori suma sunfi tsada sosai.  Gabaɗaya, kyamarori masu cikakken tsari suna da ƙarfi mafi girma don samar da hoto mafi ingancin fasaha.

Kyamarar firikwensin amfanin gona suna da fa'idodi. Da farko dai, basu da tsada. Suna da kyau ga masu ɗaukar hoto don farawa saboda farashin. Ba girman girman saka hannun jari bane lokacin da har yanzu kuna gano wane irin hoto kuke so kuyi.  Duk da yake ban tabbata da sauran kayan kwalliya ba, Na san cewa Canon yana samar da jeri na ruwan tabarau waɗanda kawai ake yin su don jikin jikinsu na firikwensin kuma suna da ƙima sosai fiye da sauran ruwan tabarau na su. Canon EF-Mount ruwan tabarau sun dace da dukkan jikinsu, yayin da tabarau masu hawa na EF-S kawai sun dace da jikin firikwensin amfanin gona saboda wani abu da ya fito a bayan tabarau inda ya manne a jiki. Wannan fitowar za ta buga madubi mafi girma a jikin cikakken juzu'i, don haka kar a ɗora wannan gilashin a jikin cikakken hoton ku! Wani fa'idar kuma shine ka samu "karin ruwan tabarau na tsawon." Idan kanaso ka harba wasu batutuwa masu nisa, tsayayyar tsayin daka zaiyi kyau sosai (ko kuma a zahiri) ya kara kusantowa. Idan kawai kuna da ruwan tabarau na 50mm kuma kuna son harba ƙarin hotunan hoto, yana da kyau 80mm / 75mm (gwargwadon alamar kamara). A bazarar da ta gabata na harbi hoton wata a daren kuma na zabi amfani da jikina mai haska amfanin gona da nawa Ruwan tabarau 70-200. Daɗaɗawa gabaɗaya zuwa 200mm, tare da yanayin amfanin gona, tabarau na sun ba ni ɗan hango kusa da wata kamar dai 320mm ne a kan kyamarar cikakken hoto.

Me game da zurfin filin?

Zurfin fili shi ne yadda hotonku yake da kyau karɓaɓɓe kuma a cikin hankali. Yawancin masu ɗaukar hoto suna fifita zurfin zurfin filin don ware batun su daga bango. Girman firikwensin yana tasiri zurfin filin. Idan kuna ɗaukar hoto na batun a daidai buɗewa da tsayi mai mahimmanci, dole ne ku yi nesa nesa ko amfani da gajeren gajeren lokaci yayin amfani da kyamara mai auna firikwensin don samun adadin adadin batun a cikin firam . Kasancewa kusa da batun ka da / ko ta amfani da dogon tsayi gabaɗaya zai haifar da zurfin zurfin fili, kuma kyamarar kamara mai cikakken hoto zata ba da izinin wannan. Kyamarar firikwensin-amfanin gona ba zata ba ku kwatankwacin kallon da kuke ƙoƙarin cimmawa ba.

Shin ina bukatar haɓakawa zuwa kyamara mai cikakken tsari?

Amsar a takaice: Ba lallai bane. Duk ya dogara da nau'in hoto da kuke son yi. Samun cikakken kyamara ba shine abin da zai sa ku ƙwarewa ba. Wasu ƙwararrun ma sun zaɓi tsayawa tare da kyamarori masu auna firikwensin. Idan aka ba da yanayin da ya dace, kyamarar firikwensin-amfanin gona na iya samar da hotuna iri ɗaya ko mafi inganci. Wannan yawanci ya dogara ne akan ko akwai wadatar haske, da kuma menene ingancin ruwan tabarau. (A zahiri, ingancin ruwan tabarau na iya samun sakamako mai tasiri sosai akan sakamakon hoto sama da jikin kyamarar.) Idan kun ji cewa jikin kamararku mai shiga yana iyakance ku, yana iya zama lokaci don haɓaka zuwa babban- ƙare jikin mutum cikakke. Duk da yake ban ƙara amfani da kyamarar firikwensin firikwensin don harbi na ƙwararru ba, ina amfani da shi da yawa don sauran aikace-aikace. Saboda ba shi da tsada sosai, na sami ƙarin 'yanci na ɗauka tare da ni a kan al'amuran da ka iya haifar da lahani ga kayan aikina (kamar, bazarar da ta gabata na ɗauke ta cikin kwale-kwale a kan kogi.)

Kyakkyawar kyamarar tawa itace isarfana don zaman hotuna da bukukuwan aure, kuma yabani toancin harbawa a cikin gida da kuma kwanakin girgije kuma har yanzu ina samun ingancin hoto. Ba wai kawai yana da girma, mafi ingancin firikwensin ba, amma kuma an gina shi mafi kyau a kusa kuma ana yin shi da tsarin autofocus mai ƙarfi. Koyaya, Na ga wasu hotuna masu daukar hankali waɗanda masu ɗaukar hoto suka ɗauka (duka kwararru da masu sha'awar sha'awa) tare da kyamarar matakin shiga, saboda suna iya ƙusa fallasar. Yana da kyau ka kalubalanci kanka don samun kyaun kyamara tare da kyamarar da kake da ita, sannan haɓaka yayin da ka ji ba za ka sami harbi da kake so da kayan aikinka na yanzu ba. Dogaro da nau'in hoton da kuke yi, da kuma yawan hasken da kuke da shi, jikin mai haska amfanin gona na iya isa.  Lokacin da kuke farawa Ina bada shawarar siyan kayan firikwensin jiki. A cikin gogewa, zan ba da shawarar cikakken kyamarar kyamara don ƙwararren mai ɗaukar hoto.

Roxanne Abler (Roxanne Elise Photography) mai daukar hoto ne daga Fond du Lac, WI wanda ke jin daɗin harbi hotuna da duk wani abu da yake sanya hoto mai ban sha'awa. Ta fara ɗaukar hoto tun tana ƙarama ta amfani da kyamarori masu yarwa, sannan ta haɓaka sha'awar college darussan daukar hoto da kuma yayin aiki a matsayin mataimakin mai daukar hoto.

Tana ta harbe-harben sana’a kimanin shekara biyu. Ta kuma yi aiki a tallace-tallace / tallace-tallace a kamfanin masana'antu. Ofaya daga cikin batutuwan da ta fi so don ɗaukar hoto tsofaffi ne, gine-ginen da aka bari. Duba ta yanar da kuma shafin Facebook.